Reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the Questionnaire of Executive Functioning among elementary school students / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To evaluate the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the Questionnaire of Executive Functioning (QEF) among elementary school students aged 7-12 years.@*Methods@#A total of 841 elementary school students from four primary schools in the Pearl River Delta (Guangzhou), eastern Guangdong area (Jieyang), northern Guangdong area (Shaoguan), and western Guangdong area (Maoming) were selected for item analysis by using a stratified whole group sampling method in September 2022. A total of 377 elementary school students from the four elementary schools were selected for testing the structural validity and reliability, and 87 subjects from an elementary school in Guangzhou were selected at 15-day intervals for assessing test retest reliability test.@*Results@#The questionnaire had good discrimination, and the correlation between the items and the total score ranged from 0.22 to 0.46 ( P <0.01). Exploratory factor analysis showed a cumulative variance contribution rate of 56.68%, with item loadings ranging from 0.41 to 0.74. Confirmatory factor analysis showed a good model fit ( χ 2/ df =3.048, CFI=0.988, TLI= 0.980 , RMSEA=0.058, SRMR =0.009). The overall Cronbach s α , split half reliability and test retest reliability of the questionnaire were 0.72 , 0.76, 0.79, respectively.@*Conclusion@#The Chinese version of the Questionnaire of Executive Functioning has good reliability and validity, and it is suitable for application to the self assessment of executive function among elementary school students.

Effect of Morus alba extract sanggenon C on growth and proliferation of glioblastoma cells / 中国中药杂志

Glioblastoma is the most common primary cranial malignancy, and chemotherapy remains an important tool for its treatment. Sanggenon C(San C), a class of natural flavonoids extracted from Morus plants, is a potential antitumor herbal monomer. In this study, the effect of San C on the growth and proliferation of glioblastoma cells was examined by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium(MTT) assay and 5-bromodeoxyuridinc(BrdU) labeling assay. The effect of San C on the tumor cell cycle was examined by flow cytometry, and the effect of San C on clone formation and self-renewal ability of tumor cells was examined by soft agar assay. Western blot and bioinformatics analysis were used to investigate the mechanism of the antitumor activity of San C. In the presence of San C, the MTT assay showed that San C significantly inhibited the growth and proliferation of tumor cells in a dose and time-dependent manner. BrdU labeling assay showed that San C significantly attenuated the DNA replication activity in the nucleus of tumor cells. Flow cytometry confirmed that San C blocked the cell cycle of tumor cells in G_0/G_1 phase. The soft agar clone formation assay revealed that San C significantly attenuated the clone formation and self-renewal ability of tumor cells. The gene set enrichment analysis(GSEA) implied that San C inhibited the tumor cell division cycle by affecting the myelocytomatosis viral oncogene(MYC) signaling pathway. Western blot assay revealed that San C inhibited the expression of cyclin through the regulation of the MYC signaling pathway by lysine demethylase 4B(KDM4B), which ultimately inhibited the growth and proliferation of glioblastoma cells and self-renewal. In conclusion, San C exhibits the potential antitumor activity by targeting the KDM4B-MYC axis to inhibit glioblastoma cell growth, proliferation, and self-renewal.

Effect of health education project of a three-year special action for prevention and control of drinking water-borne endemic fluorosis in Shandong Province / 中华地方病学杂志

Objective:To evaluate the effect of health education of a three-year special action for prevention and control of drinking water-borne endemic fluorosis (referred to as drinking water-borne fluorosis) in Shandong Province, and to provide basis for formulating health education measures in the next step.Methods:Nineteen of the disease affected counties (cities and districts) were selected as project counties (cities and districts) in key areas for prevention and control of drinking water-borne fluorosis in Shandong Province in 2018, and 50 disease affected counties (cities and districts) were selected in 2019, and the project counties (cities and districts) were expanded to all of the 105 disease affected counties (cities and districts) in Shandong Province in 2020. Three disease affected townships (towns) were selected in each county (city and district), and health education activities on drinking water-borne fluorosis were carried out in Grade 4 to Grade 6 of the central primary schools and the three villages under its jurisdiction. Students and housewives were selected to conduct questionnaire surveys on prevention and control knowledge of drinking water-borne fluorosis before and after health education. The incidence of dental fluorosis among children aged 8 - 12 years was investigated annually in 6 villages (with children aged 8 - 12 years > 50) , where health education activity was implemented and the incidence of dental fluorosis among children was > 30%, water fluoride content was > 1.5 mg/L and water improvement time was < 5 years.Results:After health education, the awareness rates of drinking water-borne fluorosis in fifth grade pupils [92.46% (4 571/4 944) vs 65.80% (3 334/5 067) in 2018; 94.84% (12 897/13 599) vs 73.55% (9 993/13 587) in 2019; 95.59% (30 407/ 31 809) vs 77.52% (24 463/31 557) in 2020] and housewives [94.12% (2 400/2 550) vs 76.04% (1 939/2 550) in 2018; 94.99% (6 412/6 750) vs 72.00% (4 860/6 750) in 2019; 95.53% (16 183/16 941) vs 78.43% (12 971/16 539) in 2020] were significantly improved (χ 2 = 1 070.47, 2 315.27, 4 456.40, 328.25, 1 294.80, 2 174.63, P < 0.05). After health education in 2020, there were significant differences in the correct answer rates of epidemic causes, hazards and preventive measures of drinking water-borne fluorosis in the questionnaire of fifth grade pupils and housewives (χ 2 = 390.78, 164.94, P < 0.05). The awareness rates of drinking water-borne fluorosis in fifth grade pupils and housewives in the eastern region (Qingdao City, Yantai City and Weifang City) were significantly higher than those in the western region (Dezhou City, Liaocheng City and Heze City) before health education (χ 2 = 547.43, 210.12, P < 0.05), and after health education, the awareness rates increased to more than 90%. The detection rate of dental fluorosis in children decreased year by year (χ 2trend = 27.95, P < 0.05). Conclusions:Through implementation of a three-year special action for prevention and control of drinking water-borne fluorosis in Shandong Province, the awareness rate of fluorosis among target populations has been significantly improved. However, it is still necessary for government departments to further increase investment in health education and carry out health education activities in a deep-going way.

Progress in the Treatment of Adult Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis --Review / 中国实验血液学杂志

Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare proliferative disease dominated by the proliferation of Langerhans cells, which is inflammatory myeloid neoplasms. Its clinical manifestations are variable, occurring at any age and at any site, and it is rarer in adults than in children. The gold standard for diagnosis is histopathological biopsy. Due to the rarity of adult LCH and the heterogeneity of this disease, treatment of adult LCH should be developed according to the extent of the disease and risk stratification. With the discovery of MAPK, PI3K and c-KIT signaling pathway activation, especially BRAF V600E and MAP2K1 mutations, targeted therapy has become a hot spot for therapeutic research. Meanwhile, the discovery of high expression of M2-polarized macrophages and Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (Treg) in LCH has provided an important basis for the immunotherapy. In this article, we will focus on reviewing the latest research progress in the treatment of adult LCH in recent years, and provide a reference for clinical research on the treatment of adult LCH patients.

Research progress on chemical constituents and pharmacological activities of Morus alba / 中国中药杂志

Morus alba, a traditional economic crop, is also a significant medicinal plant. The branches(Mori Ramulus), leaves(Mori Folium), roots and barks(Mori Cortex), and fruits(Mori Fructus) of M. alba are rich in chemical components, such as alkaloids, flavonoids, flavanols, anthocyanins, benzofurans, phenolic acids, and polysaccharides, and possess hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, anti-microbial, liver protective, immunoregulatory, and other pharmacological activities. This study analyzed the sources, classification, and functions of the main chemical components in M. alba and systematically summarized the latest research results of essential active components in M. alba and their pharmacological effects to provide references for in-depth research and further development as well as utilization of active components in M. alba.

Anti-inflammatory effect, plasma effective components and therapeutic targets of Huanglian Jiedu Decoction on ulcerative colitis mice / 中国中药杂志

This paper was to investigate the effect of Huanglian Jiedu Decoction(HLJD) on ulcerative colitis(UC) in mice, and determine the effective components in plasma, and virtually screen its therapeutic target, and predict its mechanism. Sixty Balb/c mice were randomly divided into blank group, model group, mesalazine treatment group(0.3 g·kg~(-1)), and HLJD treatment groups(24.66, 12.33, 6.17 g·kg~(-1)). Excepted for the blank group, all the mice in HLJD and mesalazine treatment groups were gavage administration. All mice freely drank 2.5% DSS solution for seven days to induce UC. The disease activity index(DAI) was detected each day. At the end of the experiment, HE staining was used to observe the pathological changes in colon. The content of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α in colon were determined by ELISA. The effective components in plasma were determined by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS. The reverse docking in PharmMapper was used to screen the component targets. The disease targets of UC were collected by searching TTD, OMIM and GeneCards databases. The intersection of the component targets and disease targets was selected as the therapeutic targets. Then the therapeutic targets were imported into the STRING for GO and KEGG enrichment analysis. Discovery Studio was used to simulate the docking between the components and the targets. RESULTS:: showed that the DAI in the model group increased significantly(P<0.05), and the number of inflammatory cells and infiltration degree increased significantly compared with the blank group. The DAI in HLJD treatment group was significantly reduced(P<0.05), and the number and infiltration degree of inflammatory cells were reduced compared with the model group. The ELISA results showed that the levels of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α were increased significantly in the model group(P<0.01) compared with the blank group, and significantly down regulated in the HLJD treatment group(P<0.05) compared with the model group. After UPLC-Q-TOF-MS analyse, ten components were identified. The network pharmacology analysis showed that the action targets were significantly enriched in 129 of biological processes, such as response to organic substance, chemical and oxygen-containing compound, etc., as well as 16 of signal pathways, such as IL-17, TNF and hepatitis B signal pathways, were enriched too. The results of molecular docking showed that limonin, palmatine and berberine could bind to CASP3 and MMP9 by hydrogen bond. In conclusion, HLJD could alleviate the colonic mucosal inflammatory infiltration and mucosal damage in UC mice. The mechanism may be related to the anti-inflammatory effect on UC mice by reducing the levels of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α in colon through limonin, palmatine and berberine regulating IL-17 signal pathway and TNF signal pathway via CASP3 and MMP9 meditated.

Effects of tetrandrine on proliferation, migration, and invasion of glioblastoma cells / 中国中药杂志

Glioblastoma is the most common intracranial primary malignant tumor, which leads to the poor quality of life of patients and has a high recurrence rate. Chemotherapy is a vital part in the treatment of this disease. Tetrandrine(Tet) is an active ingredient extracted from the root of the Chinese medicinal plant Stephania tetrandra, which has been proved with a wide range of pharmacological effects including anti-tumor. However, there are few studies regarding the effect of Tet on glioma. In this study, MTT and BrdU assays were employed to detect the effect of Tet on the proliferation of LN229 glioblastoma cells; flow cytometry was used to analyze the cycle distribution and apoptosis; plate cloning assay and soft agar colony formation assay were performed to study the colony formation ability of LN229 cells exposed to Tet; scratch assay and Transwell assay were conducted to detect the ability of migration and invasion; Western blot was adopted to the exploration of the molecular mechanism. The MTT and BrdU assays showed that Tet inhibited the proliferation of LN229 cells in a time-and dose-dependent manner. The plate cloning assay and soft agar colony formation assay showed that Tet weakened the colony formation of LN229 cells in vitro; cytometry assay showed that Tet blocked cells in the G_1 phase and promoted cell apoptosis; scratch and Transwell assays proved that Tet inhibited the migration and invasion of LN229 cells; Western blot results showed that Tet down-regulated the expression levels of CDK2, CDK6, cyclin D1, cyclin E1, snail, slug, vimentin, and N-cadherin, while up-regulated the level of E-cadherin. The results indicate that Tet has a certain inhibitory effect on the proliferation, migration, and invasion of LN229 glioblastoma cells, and such effect may be related to the participation of Tet in the regulation of c-Myc/p27 axis and snail signaling pathway.

Prognostic Value of Corrected Levels of Serum Calcium and Serum Lactate Dehydrogenase for Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma Patients / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the prognostic value of the serum calcium level corrected by serum albumin (cCA) and corrected serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level for the risk stratification for newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (MM) patients.@*METHODS@#The clinical data and survival of 186 newly diagnosed MM patients admitted to our hospital from June 1, 2015 to November 1, 2017 were collected. The patients's survival time was obtained by telephone and follow-up visits to patients and their families. The value of the prognostic system consisting of cCA levels and LDH levels in the survival time of MM patients was retrospectively analyzed. Moreover, the post-corrected hypercalcemia and high LDH as 2 factors were used for risk stratification, then according to these 2 factors, the MM patients were divided into 3 groups: group 1 (no risk factor), group 2 (1 risk factor) and group 3 (2 risk factors), and the effect of risk factors on the prognosis of MM patients was analyzed.@*RESULTS@#The median follow-up time was 16 months. The cumulative OS rate of the post-corrected hypercalcemia group was lower than that of the non-hypercalcemia group. The 1-year cumulative OS rate in the 2 groups was 79.0%±6.7% and 88.6%±3.0%, the 3-year cumulative OS rate was 53.0%±10.5% and 74.6%±6.6% (P=0.016), respectively. The cumulative OS rate of the high LDH group [LDH ＞upper limit of normal (ULN), ULN=250 U/L] was lower than that in the normal LDH group. The 1-year cumulative OS rate in the 2 groups was 71.6%±8.6% and 90.0%±2.8%, the 2-year cumulative OS rate was 44.9%±12.1% and 83.1%±4.0%, respectively, and the median OS time was 19 months (95%CI: 15.32-23.34) and not reached (P=0.001). The risk stratification analysis showed that the median OS time of the 3 group was not reached (n=103, 57%), not reached (n=70, 39%) and 17 months (n=7, 4%, 95%CI: 5.19-28.41, P＜0.001). Patients with two risk factors had a prognosis worse than patients with 0-1 risk factor.@*CONCLUSION@#The prognostic combination of corrected serum calcium and LDH levels may provide a basis for risk stratification and prognosis in MM patients in clinical practice.

Mechanisms of Chinese Dragon’s Blood on alleviating colonic mucosal damage in mice with ulceratice colitis based on network pharmacology / 中草药

Objective: To investigate the effects of Chinese Dragon’s Blood (CDB) on DSS-induced ulcerative colitis (UC) in mice, and predict the potential main active ingredients, targets and signaling pathways of CDB by network pharmacology. Methods: Mouse UC model was induced by DSS. Balb/c mice were randomly divided into control group, UC group, CDB high, medium, and low dose group, mesalazine control group, 10 mice in each group. Except the control group, each group drank 3.0% DSS solution freely for seven consecutive days. The CDB group and mesalazine group were given corresponding medicines for gastric perfusion during the modeling period. The mice were weighed regularly every day to conduct occult blood test and observe the animals. The fecal traits were evaluated by DAI. At the end of the experiment, the mice were sacrificed and HE stained and scored. The “compound-compound target-disease target” network was constructed by online databases such as TCMSP, String, Cytoscape, etc, and the target targets of core compound targets and compounds were extracted, GO and KEGG enrichment analysis was performed on related targets. Treatment of biological processes and mechanisms of action that UC may regulate were analyzed. Results: Compared with the control group, the infiltration of inflammatory cells in the model group was obvious, and a large number of cup cells disappeared, and the degree of lesions spread to the muscle layer or even the whole layer; The cup cells in the CDB group re-grew, the extent of the lesion was limited to the mucosa, and the inflammation was alleviated. Through the network pharmacology, 112 target targets of CDB were screened, and 14 core compound targets such as ABL1, F2, and JAK2 could be applied to 11 disease targets such as ICAM1, IL-6, PTGS2, and MTOR. The GO analysis contained 415 enrichment pathways, including 389 biological processes, nine molecular functions, and 17 cell components. The KEGG database was used to enrich the relevant pathways, and 84 pathways such as PI3K-Akt were screened for UC. Conclusion: CDB can alleviate colonic mucosal injury induced by DSS in UC mice. It may regulate the expression of ABL1, F2, JAK2 and other target proteins through flavonoids, and then indirectly regulate the expression of IL-6, PTGS2 and other disease proteins. The JAK2/STAT3 and PI3K-Akt-mTOR pathways regulate the levels of inflammatory factors, inhibit the inflammatory response, and ultimately alleviate UC colonic mucosal damage.

Artesunate inhibits proliferation of glioblastoma cells by arresting cell cycle / 中国中药杂志

Glioblastoma is a common brain tumor and the overall survival rate of the patients is very low, so it is an effective way to develop the potential chemotherapy or adjuvant chemotherapy drugs in glioblastoma treatment. As a well-known antimalarial drug, artesunate(ARTs) has clear side effects, and recently it has been reported to have antitumor effects, but rarely reported in glioblastoma. Different concentrations of ARTs were used to treat the glioblastoma cells, and then the inhibitory effect of ARTs on glioblastoma proliferation was detected by MTT assay; Ki67 immunofluorescence assay was used to detect the proliferation of cells; Soft agar experiment was used to explain the clonal formation abilities ; Flow Cytometry was used to detect the cell cycle; and Western blot assay was used to determine the expression of key cell cycle protein. MTT assay results indicated that ARTs-treated glioblastoma cell A172, U251, U87 were significantly inhibited in a time-and-dose dependent manner as compared to the control group(DMSO treatment group). Soft agar experiment showed that ARTs could significantly reduce the clonal formation ability of glioblastoma. Furthermore, Flow cytometry analysis showed that ARTs could obviously increase the cell proportion in G₀/G₁ phase and reduce the cell proportion in S phase. Western blot results showed that the expressions of cell cycle-related proteins CDK2, CDK4, cyclin D1 and cyclin B1 were all obviously down-regulated. Above all, ARTs may inhibit the proliferation of glioblastoma cells by arresting cell cycle in G₀/G₁ phase through down-regulating the expression of CDK2, CDK4, cyclin D1, cyclin B1. These results may not only provide a novel method for rediscovering and reusing ARTs but also provide a new potential drug for treating glioblastoma.

Recent research advances of 1-deoxynojirimycin and its derivatives / 中国中药杂志

The 1-DNJ named 1-deoxynojirimycinis (2R,3R,4R,5S)-2-(hydroxymethyl) piperidine-3,4,5-triol, which is the nature active components existingin mulberryresources including leaves, stems, roots and silkworm larva, silkworm chrysalis, etc.The 1-deoxynojirimycin is a polyhydroxylated piperidine alkaloid, which was first found in Streptomyces as an antibiotic. Then the Japanese researchers isolated it from the mulberry root. 1-DNJ can inhibit postprandial hyperglycemia by suppressing intestinal alpha glucosidase. Therefore, 1-DNJ is often used to treat treating diabetes and complicating disease and to prevent obesity and weight-related disorders. With the development of the researches, 1-deoxynojirimycin and its derivtiv was discovered to possess anti-hyperglycemic, anti-virus, anti-tumor functions and so on. Therefore,based on our current studythe existing knowledge on source, technique preparation process, pharmacokinetics, bioactivties,and in silico target fishing of 1-DNJ were summarized, so that the researchers may use it to explore future perspective of research on 1-DNJ.

Effect of treadmill training on the locomotor function in a rat model of dorsal root ganglion resection / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: Peripheral nerve injury can lead to extensive changes in central nervous system, and exercise training can promote the recovery of locomotor function following central nervous system injury. OBJECTIVE: To observe the changes of locomotor function and the expression levels of vesicular glutamate transporter VGLUT1 in the spinal cord in a rat model of dorsal root ganglion resection after treadmill exercise and to explore the effect of treadmill training on the locomotor function after peripheral nerve injury. METHODS: Thirty-nine 10-week-old male Wistar rats were randomized into experimental (n=15), control (n=15) and sham operation (n=9) groups. The rats in the experimental and control groups received the dorsal root ganglion resection at L3and L4segments to establish the model of peripheral nerve injury under local anesthesia, while the rats in the sham operation group were only subjected to dorsal root ganglion exposure. The rats in the experimental group underwent 15 m/minute treadmill training at postoperative 7 days, while rats in the other two groups were in free movement. Gait analysis was performed at preoperative 3 days, postoperative 7, 14, 21, and 28 days, respectively, and the behavioral changes of rats were observed. The tissue sections were obtained from L3segment at postoperative 7, 14, and 28 days to detect the expression levels of VGLUT1 in the spinal cord by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The peroneal nerve function index in the experimental and control groups was lower than that before surgery and that in the sham operation group at postoperative different time points (all P ＜ 0.05). The index in the experimental and control groups was the lowest on day 7 postoperatively (P ＜ 0.05), then the index gradually increased, but was still lower than the preoperative level (P ＜ 0.05). The index in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group at postoperative 21 and 28 days (P ＜ 0.05). The expression levels of VGLUT1 in the lamina IX in the experimental and control groups were significantly lower than those in the sham operation group at different time points after surgery (P ＜ 0.01). The levels in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group at postoperative 14 and 28 days (P ＜ 0.05). The levels in both groups on a decline after surgery, especially the control group (P ＜ 0.05). These results suggest that treadmill can promote the recovery of locomotor function post peripheral nerve injury.

Preliminary analysis of clinically relevant indicators in two patients with mucolipidosis type Ⅲ and their family members / 中国中西医结合急救杂志

Objective To observe the clinical characteristics of 2 patients with mucolipidosis type Ⅲ. Methods Two sibling patients (a sister and a brother) with mucolipidosis type Ⅲ symptoms and other family members were the research objects, and the changes of their features of hand bone imaging, blood indexes [blood glucose, cholesterol, triacylglycerol (TG), total protein (TP), albumin (Alb)] and body composition were analyzed. Results Except the 2 patients, the bone morphology, blood indexes and body compositions in other 7 family members were under normal conditions. The phalanx intervals of both hands in 2 patients with mucolipidosis type Ⅲwere widened significantly, among them the thumb manifestation was more obvious; the distal segments of phalanxes in both hands became pointed and curved presenting a "claw-like hand" deformity; the metacarpal and distal carpal metaphysis were obviously enlarged, and scaphoid, lunate, trianglar, orbicular, and trapezium and trapezoid bones were loosely arranged at the wrist; the distal ends of ulna and radius were markedly enlarged. Compared to healthy people, the triglyceride levels of serum in the 2 patients were obviously reduced (the percentage of reduction: 57.14% and 41.07% respectively); body mass indexes (BMI), total fat and visceral fat were significantly lowered (BMI reduction percentage:26.81% and 14.55%, total fat reduction percentage: 38.12% and 44.95%, visceral fat reduction percentage: 62.25% and 67.74%, respectively) in the two patients. Conclusion The purpose of studying the biochemistry indexes, imaging characteristics and body compositions is to more deeply understand the clinical symptoms and signs of the 2 sibling patients with mucolipidosis type Ⅲ in a family to provide a theoretical reference.

Role of aquaporin-5 in regulating colorectal cancer cell growth in vitro / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the role of aquaporin 5(AQP5) in regulating the cell proliferation and apoptosis of human colorectal cancer cells and explore the possible mechanism.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting AQP5 was used to suppress endogenous AQP5 expression in the human colorectal cancer cell lines COLO 205 and SW480, and the transfection efficiency of AQP5 siRNA was determined using immunofluorescence assay and PCR. The changes in the proliferation of the transfected cells was evaluated with MTT assay, and the cell apoptosis was analyzed using Annexin V-FITC/PI and TUNEL assays; the changes of Bax and Bcl2 expressions in the cells were determined using RTPCR and Western blotting.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Transfection with AQP-5-siRNA resulted in a significant reduction (up to 90%) of AQP-5 expression in COLO 205 and SW480 cells. MTT assay showed that AQP-5-siRNA transfection significantly inhibited the cell proliferation compared NS siRNA transfection (P<0.05). Flow cytometric analysis revealed significantly increased apoptotic rate of cells following AQP-5-siRNA transfection compared with NS?siRNA transfection(P<0.05). Real-time quantitative RT-PCR and Western blotting demonstrated that AQP-5-siRNA transfection significantly increased Bax and Bcl-2 expressions at both mRNA and protein levels in the cells.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>AQP5-siRNA can promote apoptosis of colorectal cancer cells in vitro possibly in relation to its effects on Bax and Bcl expressions.</p>

Relationship between N-nitrosodimethylamine and risk of digestive tract cancers: a Meta analysis based on cohort studies / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To analyze the relationship between N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) and the risk of digestive tract cancers.Methods The papers about the relationship between NDMA and the risk of digestive tract cancers published from 1980 to 2012 were retrieved following databases:Chinese BioMedical Literature Database (CBM),the Chinese Journal Full-text Database (CNKI),Wanfang Database,PubMed and EBSCO.The fix and random effect model was used and statistical analyses were conducted by using RevMan 5.1 software.Results Thirteen papers were found,in which 7 about digestive tract cancers were used in this Meta analysis.The NDMA had significant positive effect on the incidence of digestive tract cancers (RR=1.12,95％ CI:1.03-1.21).The relationship between NDMA and esophageal cancer was not significant (RR =1.18,95 ％CI:0.98-1.41) but NDMA could increase the risk of gastric cancer (RR=1.08,95％ CI:1.00-1.18).For the subtypes of esophageal and gastric cancer,NDMA had positive relationship with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (RR=l.72,95％ CI:1.01-2.96),but had no significant relationship with esophageal adenocarcinoma,cardiac carcinoma and gastric adenocarcinoma.Conclusion The population-based cohort studies have showed that the NDMA could significantly increase the risk of digestive tract cancers,but the effects differed with subtypes of esophageal and gastric cancer.However,it is necessary to collect more evidence due to the limited studies and obvious differences in the study design,sampling and exposure measurement of these cohort studies.

Clinical Study on Medicated Thread Moxibustion of Traditional Zhuang Nationality Medicine ;Combined with Shugan Jianpi Decoction for Cirrhosis Ascites / 中国中医药信息杂志

Objective To observe the therapeutic effects of medicated thread moxibustion of traditional Zhuang nationality medicine combined with Shugan Jianpi Decoction for cirrhosis ascites. Methods Sixty patients with cirrhosis ascites were randomly divided into observation group and control group by random number method, 30 cases in each group. The treatment group received medicated thread moxibustion of traditional Zhuang nationality medicine combined with Shugan Jianpi Decoction and regular Western medicine; while control group only received regular Western medicine. Two weeks was a course of treatment. The liver function (ALT, AST, TBIL, ALB, A/G), ascites integral changes and improving time of main clinical symptoms (abdominal distension, pain, anorexia, fatigue) were observed. The clinical curative effects of two groups were evaluated with 3 months of follow-up. Results The liver function (ALT, AST, TBIL, ALB, A/G) in the treatment group after treatment was significantly improved, and the ascites integral decreased, which was better than the control group, with statistical significance (P<0.05). The improving time of main clinical symptoms in the treatment group was significantly shorter than the control group (P<0.05);The clinical effective rate was 90.00%(27/30) in the treatment group and 76.67% (23/30) in the control group, with statistical significance (P<0.05). Conclusion Medicated thread moxibustion of traditional Zhuang nationality medicine combined with Shugan Jianpi Decoction has good efficacy for cirrhosis ascites.

Relationship between N-nitrosodimethylamine and risk of digestive tract cancers: a Meta analysis based on cohort studies / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To analyze the relationship between N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) and the risk of digestive tract cancers.Methods The papers about the relationship between NDMA and the risk of digestive tract cancers published from 1980 to 2012 were retrieved following databases:Chinese BioMedical Literature Database (CBM),the Chinese Journal Full-text Database (CNKI),Wanfang Database,PubMed and EBSCO.The fix and random effect model was used and statistical analyses were conducted by using RevMan 5.1 software.Results Thirteen papers were found,in which 7 about digestive tract cancers were used in this Meta analysis.The NDMA had significant positive effect on the incidence of digestive tract cancers (RR=1.12,95％ CI:1.03-1.21).The relationship between NDMA and esophageal cancer was not significant (RR =1.18,95 ％CI:0.98-1.41) but NDMA could increase the risk of gastric cancer (RR=1.08,95％ CI:1.00-1.18).For the subtypes of esophageal and gastric cancer,NDMA had positive relationship with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (RR=l.72,95％ CI:1.01-2.96),but had no significant relationship with esophageal adenocarcinoma,cardiac carcinoma and gastric adenocarcinoma.Conclusion The population-based cohort studies have showed that the NDMA could significantly increase the risk of digestive tract cancers,but the effects differed with subtypes of esophageal and gastric cancer.However,it is necessary to collect more evidence due to the limited studies and obvious differences in the study design,sampling and exposure measurement of these cohort studies.

Function and mechanism of neurotensin (NTS) and its receptor 1 (NTSR1) in occurrence and development of tumors / 中国中药杂志

As a neuropeptide, neurotensin (NTS) is widely expressed in central and peripheral nervous system, which is mainly mediated byneurotensin receptor1 (NTSR1) to activate the related downstream signaling pathways. After summarized the function and mechanism of NTS/NTSR1 in various malignant tumors, we found that NTS/NTSR1 played essential roles during tumor initiation and development. NTS/NTSR1 regulates tumor initiation, proliferation, apoptosis, metastasis and differentiation mainly through three pathways, including IP3/Ca2+ /PKC/MAPKs pathway, MMPs/EGFR/MAPKs (PI3K/Akt) pathway, or Rho-GTPsaes and non-receptor tyrosine kinase pathway. Besides, NTS/NTSR1 is also regulated by some upstream pathways and some traditional Chinese medicine preparations and traditional Chinese medicine therapies. In this article, we summarized the function of NTS/NTSR1 and its mechanisms, and discussed the prospective in its application to clinical diagnosis and drugs targeting.

Treatment of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Inhibitors Associated Adverse Skin Reactions by Zhiyang Pingfu Liquid: a Clinical Study / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the curative effect of Zhiyang Pingfu Liquid (ZPL) in treating epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors (EGFRIs) associated adverse reactions of the skin.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>All 54 patients with pathologically confirmed malignant tumor had EGFRIs induced adverse reactions of the skin to various degrees. ZPL was externally applied for them all, once or twice per day, 14 days consisting of one therapeutic course. Changes of adverse skin reactions, time for symptoms relief, adverse skin reaction types suitable for ZPL were observed before and after treatment.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>EGFRIs associated skin adverse reactions were improved to various degrees after they used ZPL. The shortest symptoms relief time was 1 day while the longest was 12 days, with an average of 6.93 days and the median time 7 days. Compared with before treatment, itching, rash/scaling, acne/acneform eruptions were obviously improved (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>ZPL could alleviate EGFRls associated adverse skin reactions, especially showed better effect on itching, rash/scaling, acne/acneform eruptions.</p>

Progress of studies on medicinal fungus Phellinus / 中国中药杂志

The real sanghuang is a new species belonging to the Inonotus, which is commonly used for cancer treatment and human immune system improvement. This review summarized the progress on the studies of Phellinus Quel in recent years, including its taxonomy status, bioactive components, pharmacodynamics, separation and purification technologies. In addition, some related problems and perspectives were also discussed.